List of Diabetes Medications 2021

Diabetes Medications 2021 List

Hello friends, if you are searching for the List of Diabetes Medications 2021 then you are at the right place. Oral medication or insulin is the main treatment for controlling blood sugar through the diet. If the case is complicated you should keep an eye on the regular screening.

Although not everyone with type 2 diabetes is overweight, obesity and an inactive lifestyle are two of the most common causes of type 2 diabetes. These things are responsible for about 90% to 95% of diabetes cases in the United States. Below you can check the Diabetes Medications 2021 List.

List of Diabetes Medications 2021

Medicine	FDA Approval	Formulations (color indicated if available by Brand only)	Dosing	Comments (SE = possible side effects)
STIMULATORS OF INSULIN RELEASE (Insulin Secretagogues) – increase insulin secretion from the pancreas¹
SULFONYLUREAS (SFUs)
Tolbutamide Orinase® various generics	1957	500 mg tablets	Initial: 1000-2000 mg daily Range: 250-3000 mg (seldom need >2000 mg/day) Dose: Taken two or three times daily	SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain Preferred SFU for elderly Must be taken 2-3 times daily
Glimepiride Amaryl® various generics	11/95	1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg tablets	Initial: 1-2 mg daily Range: 1-8 mg Dose: Taken once daily	SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain Need to take only once daily
Glipizide Glucotrol® Glucotrol XL® various generics	5/84 4/94	5 mg, 10 mg tablets ER: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg tablets	Initial: 5 mg daily Range: 2.5-40 mg²(20 mg for XL) Dose: Taken once or twice (if >15 mg) daily	SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain Preferred SFU for elderly ER = extended release/take once a day
Glyburide Micronase®, DiaBeta® various generics	5/84	1.25 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg tablets	Initial: 2.5-5 mg daily Range: 1.25-20 mg² Dose: Taken once or twice daily	SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain
Glyburide, micronized Glynase PresTab® various generics	3/92	1.5 mg, 3 mg, 4.5 mg, 6 mg micronized tablets	Initial: 1.5-3 mg daily Range: 0.75-12 mg Dose: Taken once or twice (if >6 mg) daily	SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain
GLINIDES
Repaglinide Prandin®	12/97	0.5 mg (white), 1 mg (yellow), 2 mg (red) tablets	Initial: 1-2 mg daily (0.5 mg if A1C <8%) Range: 0.5-16 mg Max dose per meal is 4 mg Dose: Taken two, three, or four times daily	SE: hypoglycemia Safe for elderly Duration of action is only 4 hours Take within 15-30 minutes of meal
Nateglinide Starlix®	12/00	60 mg (pink), 120 mg (yellow) tablets	Initial: 120 mg three times daily (if A1C close to goal, use 60 mg) <pRange: 180-360 mg Dose: Taken three times daily </p	SE: hypoglycemia Safe for elderly Duration of action is only 2 hours Take within 30 minutes of meal
EUGLYCEMICS: Medicines that bring the blood glucose into the normal range. These medicines should not cause hypoglycemia.³
BIGUANIDES: decreases glucose release from liver; decreases intestinal absorption of glucose; improves insulin sensitivity (increases glucose uptake and utilization)
Metformin Glucophage® Extended release (ER): Glucophage XR® Fortamet® Glumetza Riomet® (liquid, 500 mg/5ml)	12/94 10/00	Glucophage: 500 mg, 850 mg, 1000 mg tablets Glucophage XR: 500 mg, 750 mg tablets Fortamet: 500 mg, 1000 mg tablets Glumetza: 500 mg, 1000 mg tablets Generic metformin ER: 500 mg, 750 mg tablets	Initial: 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily Range: 500-2550 mg Dose: Taken two or three times daily ER: Initial: 500 mg once daily Range: 500-2000 mg Dosed once daily	SE: Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, upset stomach), metallic taste (3%), lactic acidosis (0.03 cases/1000 people)^4,5 Take with meals (ER with evening meal) Cannot use if have liver or kidney problems, take a drug to treat heart failure, or drink alcohol excessively
ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS: STARCH BLOCKERS – delay digestion and absorption of carbohydrates
Acarbose Precose® various generics	9/95	25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets	Initial: 25 mg three times daily Range: 75-300 mg (max 150 mg if <60 kg) Dose: Taken three times daily	SE: flatulence Take with first bite of meal Start with low dose and slowly to minimize GI intolerance.
THIAZOLIDINEDIONES (Glitazones or TZDs): decrease insulin resistance in the body (muscle and fat tissues)
Pioglitazone (preferred over rosiglitazone) Actos®	7/99	15 mg, 30 mg, 45 mg (white to off-white) tablets	Initial: 15-30 mg daily Range: 15-45 mg Dose: Taken once daily	SE: anemia, swelling (edema) from fluid retention, weight gain, macular edema (in eye), bone loss and fractures in women May cause or worsen heart failure Cannot use if have liver problems or severe heart failure Requires liver monitoring⁶
Rosiglitazone Avandia®	5/99	2 mg (pink), 4 mg (orange), 8 mg (red-brown) tablets	Initial: 4 mg daily Range: 4-8 mg Dose: Taken once or twice daily	SE: anemia, swelling (edema) from fluid retention, weight gain, macular edema (in eye), bone loss and fractures in women May increase risk of heart problems such as heart-related chest pain (angina) or heart attack (myocardial infarction) May cause or worsen heart failure Cannot use if have liver problems or severe heart failure Requires liver monitoring⁶
GLP-1 ANALOGS: increase insulin secretion, reduce glucose release from liver after meals, delay food emptying from stomach and promote satiety
Exenatide Byetta®	4/05	5 mcg per dose and 10 mcg per dose Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ) Available as a pen device	Initial: 5 mcg SQ twice daily Range: up to 10 mcg SQ twice daily Dose: Taken twice daily	SE: nausea, headache, hypoglycemia (when used with insulin secretagogues) Rare reports of sudden pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas) May cause mild weight loss
Liraglutide Victoza®	01/10	3 mL pen that delivers doses of 0.6 mg, 1.2 mg, or 1.8 mg Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ) Available as a pen device	Initial: 0.6 mg SQ once daily Range: up to 1.8 mg SQ once daily Dose: Taken once daily	SE: nausea, headache, diarrhea, hypoglycemia (when used with insulin secretagogues) Rare reports of sudden pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas). Cannot be used if have history of medullary thyroid cancer
Albiglutide Tanzeum®	04/14	30mg or 50mg per dose Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ) Requires reconstitution Available in dose-specific single-dose pen devices	Initial: 30mg once weekly Range: can increase to 50mg once weekly if inadequate response	SE: injection site reaction, nausea, diarrhea, upper respiratory infection. Rare reports of pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas); cannot be used if have history of medullary thyroid cancer.
Dulaglutide Trulicity®	09/14	0.75 mg or 1.5 mg per dose Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ) Available in dose-specific, single-dose pen devices.	Initial: 0.75 mg once weekly Range: may increase up to 1.5 mg once weekly if inadequate response	SE: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain Cannot use if family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or if have multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN2) Rare reports of pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas); cannot be used if have history of medullary thyroid cancer
DPP-4 INHIBITORS: increase insulin secretion, reduce glucose release from liver after meals
Alogliptin Nesina®	01/13	6.25mg (light pink), 12.5mg (yellow), 25mg (light red) tablets	25mg PO daily. Taken once daily.	SE:stuffy or runny nose, sore throat, headache, upper respiratory infection, rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash) rare reports of pancreatitis No weight gain
Sitagliptin Januvia®	11/06	25 mg (pink), 50 mg (light beige), 100 mg (beige) tablets	Initial: 100 mg daily Range: 25-100 mg daily Dose: Taken once daily	SE: runny nose, upper respiratory infection, rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash) No weight gain; Lower doses used if kidney problems
Saxagliptin Onglyza®	7/09	2.5 mg (pale to light yellow), 5 mg (pink) tablets	Initial: 2.5 or 5 mg daily Range: 2.5-5 mg daily Dose: Taken once daily	SE: upper respiratory infection, urinary tract infection, headache No weight gain; Lower doses used if kidney problems
Linagliptin Tradjenta®	5/11	5mg (light red) tablet	Initial: 5 mg daily Dose: Taken once daily	SE: runny nose, sore throat, rare reports of pancreatitis, rare severe allergic reactions, no weight gain;
SGLT2 inhibitors: increase glucose excretion in the urine
Canagliflozin Invokana®	03/13	100mg (yellow, capsule-shaped), 300mg (white, capsule-shaped) tablets	Initial: 100mg daily Range: 100-300mg daily Dose: Taken once daily	SE: increased urination or urgency, lower blood pressure, dizziness, genital yeast infections, urinary tract infections increase in blood potassium; rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash) Cannot use if have kidney problems
Dapagliflozin Farxiga®	01/14	5mg (yellow, round shaped), 10mg (yellow, diamond shaped) tablets	Initial: 5mg once daily Range: up to 10mg daily	SE: increased urination or urgency, lower blood pressure, dizziness, genital yeast infections, urinary tract infections increase in blood potassium; rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash) Cannot use if have kidney problems
Empagliflozin Jardiance®	08/14	10mg (pale, beige, round), 25mg (pale, beige oblong) tablets	Initial: 10mg once daily Range: up to 25mg daily	SE: increased urination or urgency, lower blood pressure, dizziness, genital yeast infections, urinary tract infections increase in blood potassium; rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash) Cannot use if have kidney problems
COMBINATION ORAL PILLS
Alogliptin/Metformin Kazano®	01/13	12.5mg/500mg (pale yellow), 12.5mg/1000mg (pale yellow) oblong tablets	Initial: 12.5mg/500mg once or twice daily Range: up to 25/2000 Taken twice daily with food.	Same as above with alogliptin and metformin
Alogliptin/Pioglitazone Oseni®	01/13	12.5mg/15mg (pale yellow), 12.5mg/30mg (pale peach), 12.5mg/45mg (pale red), 25mg/15mg (yellow), 25mg/30mg (peach), 25mg/45mg (red) round tablets	Initial: 12.5mg/15mg once daily Range: up to 25/45 mg Taken once daily with or without food.	Same as above with alogliptin and pioglitazone
Empagliflozin/Linagliptin Glyxambi®	02/15	10mg/5mg (pale yellow), 25mg/5mg (pale pink) triangular tablets	Initial: 10mg/5mg once daily Range: up to 25mg/5mg once daily	Same as above with empagliflozin and linagliptin
Empagliflozin/Metformin Synjardy®	01/15	5mg/500mg (orange yellow), 5mg/1000mg (brownish yellow), 12.5mg/500mg (pale brownish purple), 12.5mg/1000mg (dark brownish purple) oval film-coated tablet	Initial: 5mg/500mg or 5mg/1000mg Range: up to 25mg/2000mg Taken in 2 divided doses	Same as above with empagliflozin and metformin
Canagliflozin/Metformin Invokamet®	08/14	50mg/500mg (white), 50mg/1000mg (beige), 150mg/500mg (yellow), 150mg/1000mg (purple) capsule-shaped film-coated tablets	Initial: 50mg/500mg or 50mg/1000mg Range: up to 300mg/2000mg Taken in 2 divided doses	Same as above with canagliflozin and metformin
Dapagliflozin/Metformin XR Xigduo XR®	10/14	5mg/500mg (orange), 5mg/1000mg (pink to dark pink), 10mg/500mg (pink), 10mg/1000mg (yellow to dark yellow) oval film-coated tablet	Initial: base on patient’s current regimen Range: up to 10mg/2000mg daily	Same as above with dapagliflozin and metformin
Glyburide/Metformin Glucovance® various generics	7/00	1.25 mg/250 mg, 2.5 mg/500 mg, 5 mg/500 mg tablets	Initial: 1.25 mg/250 mg once or twice daily Range: up to – 20/2000 mg Dose: Taken once or twice daily	Same as above with glyburide and metformin
Glipizide/Metformin Metaglip® various generics	10/02	2.5 mg/250 mg, 2.5mg/500 mg, 5mg/500 mg tablets	Initial: 2.5 mg/250 mg daily or 2.5mg/500 mg twice daily Range: up to 20/2000 mg Dose: Taken once or twice daily	Same as above with glipizide and metformin
Linagliptin/Metformin Jentadueto®	01/12	2.5mg/500mg (light yellow), 2.5mg/850mg (light orange, oval), 2.5mg/1000mg (light pink) oval tablets	Initial:2.5mg/500mg twice daily with food Range:up to 2.5mg/1000mg twice daily with food.	Same as above with linagliptin and metformin
Rosiglitazone/Metformin Avandamet® various generics	10/02	2 mg/500 mg (pale pink), 2 mg/1000 mg (yellow), 4 mg/500 mg (orange), 4 mg/1000 mg (pink) oval tablets	Initial: 2 mg/5000 mg once or twice daily Range: up to 8 mg/2000 mg Dose: Taken twice daily	Same as above with metformin and rosiglitazone
Pioglitazone/Metformin ActoPlus Met® various generics	8/05	15 mg/500 mg, 15 mg/850 mg (white to off-white) oblong tablets	Initial: 15 mg/500 mg or 15 mg/850 mg once or twice daily Range: up to 45 mg/2550 mg Dosed once or twice daily	Same as above with metformin and pioglitazone
Pioglitazone/Glimepiride Duetact®	7/06	30 mg/2 mg, 30 mg/4 mg (white to off-white) tablets	Initial: 30 mg/2 mg or 30 mg/4 mg once daily Range: max of one tablet daily Dose: Taken once daily	Same as above with pioglitazone and glimepiride
Rosiglitazone/Glimepiride Avandryl® various generics	11/05	4 mg/1 mg (yellow), 4 mg/2 mg (orange), 4 mg/4 mg (pink) rounded triangle tablets	Initial: 4 mg/1 mg or 4 mg/2 mg once daily Range: up to 8 mg/4 mg Dose: Taken once daily	Same as above with rosiglitazone and glimepiride
Sitagliptin/Metformin Janumet®	03/07	50 mg/500 mg (light pink), 50 mg/1000mg (red) oblong tablets	Initial: 50 mg/500 mg or 50 mg/1000 mg twice daily Range: up to 100 mg/2000 mg Dose: Taken twice daily	Same as above/below with sitagliptin and metformin
Sitagliptin/Metformin Janumet XR®	2/12	50 mg/500 mg (light blue), 50 mg/1000 mg (light green),100 mg/ 1000 mg (blue) oval tablets	Initial: 100 mg/1000 mg daily Range: up to 100 mg/2000 mg daily Dose: Taken once daily	Same as above/below with sitagliptin and metformin
Repaglinide/Metformin PrandiMet®	06/08	1 mg/500 mg (yellow), 2 mg/500 mg (pink) tablets	Initial: 1 mg/500 mg twice daily Range: 10 mg/2500 mg, Max per dose 4 mg/1000 mg Dose: Taken twice or three times daily	Same as above with repaglinide and metformin
Pioglitazone/Metformin XR ActoPlus Met XR®	05/09	15 mg/1000 mg, 30 mg/1000 mg (white to off-white) round tablets	Initial: 15 mg/1000 mg or 30 mg/1000 mg once daily Range: up to 45 mg/2000 mg Dose: Taken once daily	Same as above with metformin and pioglizatone
Saxagliptin/Metformin XR Kombiglyze XR®	11/10	5 mg/500 mg (light brown to brown), 5 mg/1000 mg (pink), 2.5 mg/1000 mg (pale yellow to light yellow) capsule-shaped tablets	Initial: 5 mg/500 mg or 5 mg/1000 mg once daily Range: up to 5 mg / 2000 mg Dose: Taken once daily	Same as above with metformin and saxagliptin

Medicine

FDA Approval

Formulations
(color indicated if available by Brand only)

Dosing

Comments
(SE = possible side effects)

STIMULATORS OF INSULIN RELEASE (Insulin Secretagogues) – increase insulin secretion from the pancreas¹

SULFONYLUREAS (SFUs)

Tolbutamide

Orinase®
various generics

1957

500 mg tablets

Initial: 1000-2000 mg daily

Range: 250-3000 mg

(seldom need >2000 mg/day)

Dose: Taken two or three times daily

SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain

Preferred SFU for elderly

Must be taken 2-3 times daily

Glimepiride

Amaryl®
various generics

11/95

1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg tablets

Initial: 1-2 mg daily

Range: 1-8 mg

Dose: Taken once daily

SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain

Need to take only once daily

Glipizide

Glucotrol®
Glucotrol XL®
various generics

5/84

4/94

5 mg, 10 mg tablets

ER: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg tablets

Initial: 5 mg daily

Range: 2.5-40 mg²(20 mg for XL)

Dose: Taken once or twice (if >15 mg) daily

SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain

Preferred SFU for elderly

ER = extended release/take once a day

Glyburide

Micronase®, DiaBeta®
various generics

5/84

1.25 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg tablets

Initial: 2.5-5 mg daily

Range: 1.25-20 mg²

Dose: Taken once or twice daily

SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain

Glyburide, micronized

Glynase PresTab®
various generics

3/92

1.5 mg, 3 mg, 4.5 mg, 6 mg

micronized tablets

Initial: 1.5-3 mg daily

Range: 0.75-12 mg

Dose: Taken once or twice (if >6 mg) daily

SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain

GLINIDES

Repaglinide

Prandin®

12/97

0.5 mg (white), 1 mg (yellow), 2 mg

(red) tablets

Initial: 1-2 mg daily

(0.5 mg if A1C <8%)

Range: 0.5-16 mg

Max dose per meal is 4 mg

Dose: Taken two, three, or four times daily

SE: hypoglycemia

Safe for elderly

Duration of action is only 4 hours

Take within 15-30 minutes of meal

Nateglinide

Starlix®

12/00

60 mg (pink), 120 mg (yellow) tablets

Initial: 120 mg three times daily

(if A1C close to goal, use 60 mg)

<pRange: 180-360 mg

Dose: Taken three times daily

</p

SE: hypoglycemia

Safe for elderly

Duration of action is only 2 hours

Take within 30 minutes of meal

EUGLYCEMICS: Medicines that bring the blood glucose into the normal range. These medicines should not cause hypoglycemia.³

BIGUANIDES: decreases glucose release from liver; decreases intestinal absorption of glucose; improves insulin sensitivity (increases glucose uptake and utilization)

Metformin

Glucophage®
Extended release (ER):
- Glucophage XR®
- Fortamet®
- Glumetza
Riomet® (liquid, 500 mg/5ml)

12/94

10/00

Glucophage: 500 mg, 850 mg, 1000 mg tablets

Glucophage XR: 500 mg, 750 mg tablets

Fortamet: 500 mg, 1000 mg tablets

Glumetza: 500 mg, 1000 mg tablets

Generic metformin ER: 500 mg, 750 mg tablets

Initial: 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily

Range: 500-2550 mg

Dose: Taken two or three times daily

ER: Initial: 500 mg once daily

Range: 500-2000 mg

Dosed once daily

SE: Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, upset stomach), metallic taste (3%),

lactic acidosis (0.03 cases/1000 people)^4,5

Take with meals (ER with evening meal)

Cannot use if have liver or kidney problems, take a drug to treat heart failure, or drink alcohol excessively

ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS: STARCH BLOCKERS – delay digestion and absorption of carbohydrates

Acarbose

Precose®
various generics

9/95

25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg tablets

Initial: 25 mg three times daily

Range: 75-300 mg

(max 150 mg if <60 kg)

Dose: Taken three times daily

SE: flatulence

Take with first bite of meal

Start with low dose and slowly to minimize GI intolerance.

THIAZOLIDINEDIONES (Glitazones or TZDs): decrease insulin resistance in the body (muscle and fat tissues)

Pioglitazone (preferred over rosiglitazone)

Actos®

7/99

15 mg, 30 mg, 45 mg

(white to off-white) tablets

Initial: 15-30 mg daily

Range: 15-45 mg

Dose: Taken once daily

SE: anemia, swelling (edema) from fluid retention, weight gain, macular edema (in eye), bone loss and fractures in women

May cause or worsen heart failure

Cannot use if have liver problems or severe heart failure

Requires liver monitoring⁶

Rosiglitazone

Avandia®

5/99

2 mg (pink), 4 mg (orange), 8 mg

(red-brown) tablets

Initial: 4 mg daily

Range: 4-8 mg

Dose: Taken once or twice daily

SE: anemia, swelling (edema) from fluid retention, weight gain, macular edema (in eye), bone loss and fractures in women

May increase risk of heart problems such as heart-related chest pain (angina) or heart attack (myocardial infarction)

May cause or worsen heart failure

Cannot use if have liver problems or severe heart failure

Requires liver monitoring⁶

GLP-1 ANALOGS: increase insulin secretion, reduce glucose release from liver after meals, delay food emptying from stomach and promote satiety

Exenatide

Byetta®

4/05

5 mcg per dose and 10 mcg per dose

Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ)

Available as a pen device

Initial: 5 mcg SQ twice daily

Range: up to 10 mcg SQ twice daily

Dose: Taken twice daily

SE: nausea, headache, hypoglycemia (when used with insulin secretagogues)

Rare reports of sudden pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas)

May cause mild weight loss

Liraglutide

Victoza®

01/10

3 mL pen that delivers doses of 0.6 mg, 1.2 mg, or 1.8 mg

Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ)

Available as a pen device

Initial: 0.6 mg SQ once daily

Range: up to 1.8 mg SQ once daily

Dose: Taken once daily

SE: nausea, headache, diarrhea, hypoglycemia (when used with insulin secretagogues)

Rare reports of sudden pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas). Cannot be used if have history of medullary thyroid cancer

Albiglutide

Tanzeum®

04/14

30mg or 50mg per dose

Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ)

Requires reconstitution

Available in dose-specific single-dose pen
devices

Initial: 30mg once weekly

Range: can increase to 50mg once weekly
if inadequate response

SE: injection site reaction, nausea, diarrhea, upper respiratory
infection.

Rare reports of pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas);
cannot be used if have history of medullary thyroid cancer.

Dulaglutide

Trulicity®

09/14

0.75 mg or 1.5 mg per dose

Injected under the skin (subcutaneous/SQ)

Available in dose-specific, single-dose pen devices.

Initial: 0.75 mg once weekly

Range: may increase up to 1.5 mg once
weekly if inadequate response

SE: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain

Cannot use if family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma
(MTC) or if have multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type
2 (MEN2)

Rare reports of pancreatitis (inflammation of pancreas);
cannot be used if have history of medullary thyroid cancer

DPP-4 INHIBITORS: increase insulin secretion, reduce glucose release from liver after meals

Alogliptin

Nesina®

01/13

6.25mg (light pink), 12.5mg (yellow), 25mg
(light red) tablets

25mg PO daily.
Taken once daily.

SE:stuffy or runny nose, sore throat, headache, upper
respiratory infection, rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of
tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash)

rare reports of
pancreatitis

No weight gain

Sitagliptin

Januvia®

11/06

25 mg (pink), 50 mg (light beige),

100 mg (beige) tablets

Initial: 100 mg daily

Range: 25-100 mg daily

Dose: Taken once daily

SE: runny nose, upper respiratory infection, rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash)

No weight gain; Lower doses used if kidney problems

Saxagliptin

Onglyza®

7/09

2.5 mg (pale to light yellow), 5 mg (pink) tablets

Initial: 2.5 or 5 mg daily

Range: 2.5-5 mg daily

Dose: Taken once daily

SE: upper respiratory infection, urinary tract infection, headache

No weight gain; Lower doses used if kidney problems

Linagliptin

Tradjenta®

5/11

5mg (light red) tablet

Initial: 5 mg daily

Dose: Taken once daily

SE: runny nose, sore throat, rare reports of pancreatitis, rare severe allergic reactions, no weight gain;

SGLT2 inhibitors: increase glucose excretion in the urine

Canagliflozin

Invokana®

03/13

100mg (yellow, capsule-shaped), 300mg
(white, capsule-shaped) tablets

Initial: 100mg daily

Range: 100-300mg daily

Dose: Taken once daily

SE: increased urination or urgency, lower blood pressure,
dizziness, genital yeast infections, urinary tract infections
increase in blood potassium; rare severe allergic reactions
(swelling of tongue, throat, face or body; severe rash)
Cannot use if have kidney problems

Dapagliflozin

Farxiga®

01/14

5mg (yellow, round shaped), 10mg (yellow,
diamond shaped) tablets

Initial: 5mg once daily

Range: up to 10mg daily

Cannot use if have kidney problems

Empagliflozin

Jardiance®

08/14

10mg (pale, beige, round), 25mg (pale, beige
oblong) tablets

Initial: 10mg once daily

Range: up to 25mg daily

Cannot use if have kidney problems

COMBINATION ORAL PILLS

Alogliptin/Metformin

Kazano®

01/13

12.5mg/500mg (pale yellow), 12.5mg/1000mg
(pale yellow) oblong tablets

Initial: 12.5mg/500mg once or twice daily

Range: up to 25/2000 Taken twice daily with food.

Same as above with alogliptin and metformin

Alogliptin/Pioglitazone

Oseni®

01/13

12.5mg/15mg (pale yellow), 12.5mg/30mg (pale peach),
12.5mg/45mg (pale red), 25mg/15mg (yellow), 25mg/30mg
(peach), 25mg/45mg (red) round tablets

Initial: 12.5mg/15mg once daily

Range: up to 25/45 mg Taken once daily with or without food.

Same as above with alogliptin and pioglitazone

Empagliflozin/Linagliptin

Glyxambi®

02/15

10mg/5mg (pale yellow), 25mg/5mg (pale pink) triangular
tablets

Initial: 10mg/5mg once daily

Range: up to 25mg/5mg once daily

Same as above with empagliflozin and linagliptin

Empagliflozin/Metformin

Synjardy®

01/15

5mg/500mg (orange yellow), 5mg/1000mg (brownish yellow),
12.5mg/500mg (pale brownish purple), 12.5mg/1000mg (dark
brownish purple) oval film-coated tablet

Initial: 5mg/500mg or 5mg/1000mg

Range: up to 25mg/2000mg
Taken in 2 divided doses

Same as above with empagliflozin and
metformin

Canagliflozin/Metformin

Invokamet®

08/14

50mg/500mg (white), 50mg/1000mg (beige), 150mg/500mg
(yellow), 150mg/1000mg (purple) capsule-shaped film-coated
tablets

Initial: 50mg/500mg or 50mg/1000mg

Range: up to 300mg/2000mg
Taken in 2 divided doses

Same as above with canagliflozin and metformin

Dapagliflozin/Metformin XR

Xigduo XR®

10/14

5mg/500mg (orange), 5mg/1000mg (pink to dark pink),
10mg/500mg (pink), 10mg/1000mg (yellow to dark yellow) oval
film-coated tablet

Initial: base on patient’s current regimen

Range: up to 10mg/2000mg daily

Same as above with dapagliflozin and metformin

Glyburide/Metformin

Glucovance®
various generics

7/00

1.25 mg/250 mg, 2.5 mg/500 mg, 5 mg/500 mg tablets

Initial: 1.25 mg/250 mg once or twice daily

Range: up to – 20/2000 mg

Dose: Taken once or twice daily

Same as above with glyburide and metformin

Glipizide/Metformin

Metaglip®
various generics

10/02

2.5 mg/250 mg, 2.5mg/500 mg, 5mg/500 mg tablets

Initial: 2.5 mg/250 mg daily or 2.5mg/500 mg twice daily

Range: up to 20/2000 mg

Dose: Taken once or twice daily

Same as above with glipizide and metformin

Linagliptin/Metformin

- Jentadueto®

01/12

2.5mg/500mg (light yellow), 2.5mg/850mg (light orange, oval),
2.5mg/1000mg (light pink) oval tablets

Initial:2.5mg/500mg twice daily with food

Range:up to 2.5mg/1000mg twice daily with
food.

Same as above with linagliptin and metformin

Rosiglitazone/Metformin

Avandamet®
various generics

10/02

2 mg/500 mg (pale pink), 2 mg/1000 mg (yellow), 4 mg/500 mg (orange), 4 mg/1000 mg (pink) oval tablets

Initial: 2 mg/5000 mg once or twice daily

Range: up to 8 mg/2000 mg

Dose: Taken twice daily

Same as above with metformin and rosiglitazone

Pioglitazone/Metformin

ActoPlus Met®
various generics

8/05

15 mg/500 mg, 15 mg/850 mg (white to off-white) oblong tablets

Initial: 15 mg/500 mg or 15 mg/850 mg once or twice daily

Range: up to 45 mg/2550 mg

Dosed once or twice daily

Same as above with metformin and pioglitazone

Pioglitazone/Glimepiride

Duetact®

7/06

30 mg/2 mg, 30 mg/4 mg (white to off-white) tablets

Initial: 30 mg/2 mg or 30 mg/4 mg once daily

Range: max of one tablet daily

Dose: Taken once daily

Same as above with pioglitazone and glimepiride

Rosiglitazone/Glimepiride

Avandryl®
various generics

11/05

4 mg/1 mg (yellow), 4 mg/2 mg (orange), 4 mg/4 mg (pink) rounded triangle tablets

Initial: 4 mg/1 mg or 4 mg/2 mg once daily

Range: up to 8 mg/4 mg

Dose: Taken once daily

Same as above with rosiglitazone and glimepiride

Sitagliptin/Metformin

Janumet®

03/07

50 mg/500 mg (light pink), 50 mg/1000mg

(red) oblong tablets

Initial: 50 mg/500 mg or 50 mg/1000 mg twice daily

Range: up to 100 mg/2000 mg

Dose: Taken twice daily

Same as above/below with sitagliptin and metformin

Sitagliptin/Metformin

Janumet XR®

2/12

50 mg/500 mg (light blue), 50 mg/1000 mg (light green),100
mg/ 1000 mg (blue) oval tablets

Initial: 100 mg/1000 mg daily

Range: up to 100 mg/2000 mg daily

Dose: Taken once daily

Same as above/below with sitagliptin and metformin

Repaglinide/Metformin

PrandiMet®

06/08

1 mg/500 mg (yellow), 2 mg/500 mg (pink) tablets

Initial: 1 mg/500 mg twice daily

Range: 10 mg/2500 mg, Max per dose

4 mg/1000 mg

Dose: Taken twice or three times daily

Same as above with repaglinide and metformin

Pioglitazone/Metformin XR

ActoPlus Met XR®

05/09

15 mg/1000 mg, 30 mg/1000 mg (white to off-white) round tablets

Initial: 15 mg/1000 mg or 30 mg/1000 mg once daily

Range: up to 45 mg/2000 mg

Dose: Taken once daily

Same as above with metformin and pioglizatone

Saxagliptin/Metformin XR

Kombiglyze XR®

11/10

5 mg/500 mg (light brown to brown), 5 mg/1000 mg (pink), 2.5 mg/1000 mg (pale yellow to light yellow) capsule-shaped tablets

Initial: 5 mg/500 mg or 5 mg/1000 mg once daily

Range: up to 5 mg / 2000 mg

Dose: Taken once daily

Same as above with metformin and saxagliptin

Diabetes is a very complicated disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. Blood glucose is your main source of energy and comes from the food you eat. Therefore above you can check the List of Diabetes Medications 2021. We hope it will prove very helpful for you.

Diabetes Medications 2021 List

List of Diabetes Medications 2021

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